Multiple Fractures Wont Heal Again Through a Seizure

What is a seizure? If someone has a seizure, does that mean they suffer from epilepsy?

A seizure is a a sudden surge of electrical activeness in the brain that commonly affects how a person appears or acts for a brusque fourth dimension. Many different things tin can occur during a seizure. Whatever the encephalon and trunk tin do commonly can also occur during a seizure. The occurrence of a seizure in the presence of some acute precipitating physiological disturbance does not mean that it will e'er happen after the precipitating cause has resolved. When seizures recur without any obvious precipitant or crusade, and so a person may exist considered to have epilepsy.

What happens during a seizure?

Seizures have a beginning, centre, and terminate. Not all parts of a seizure may be visible or easy to carve up from each other. Every person with seizures will not have every stage or symptom described below. The symptoms during a seizure usually are stereotypic (occur the same way or similar each time), episodic (come and get), and may be unpredictable.

Beginning

Some people are aware of the first of a seizure, possibly equally much as hours or days earlier it happens. On the other hand, some people may not be aware of the beginning and therefore have no alarm.

Prodrome

Some people may experience feelings, sensations, or changes in beliefs hours or days earlier a seizure. These feelings are generally non part of the seizure, simply may warn a person that a seizure may come. Not anybody has these signs, but if they practice, the signs can aid a person change their activity, make sure to take their medication, apply a rescue handling, and accept steps to prevent injury.

Aura

An aura or alert is the starting time symptom of a seizure and is considered function of the seizure. Often the aura is an indescribable feeling. Other times it'southward easy to recognize and may be a change in feeling, sensation, idea, or behavior that is similar each time a seizure occurs.

The aureola can besides occur alone and may be called a focal onset aware seizure, elementary partial seizure or partial seizure without modify in awareness.
An aureola can occur before a change in sensation or consciousness.
Yet, many people have no aureola or warning; the seizure starts with a loss of consciousness or sensation.

Mutual symptoms earlier a seizure

Awareness, Sensory, Emotional or Thought Changes

Déjà vu (a feeling of beingness there before but never have)
Jamais vu (a feeling that something is very familiar just it isn't)
Smells
Sounds
Tastes
Visual loss or blurring
"Strange" feelings
Fearfulness/panic (often negative or scary feelings)
Pleasant feelings
Racing thoughts

Physical Changes

Giddy or featherbrained
Headache
Nausea or other stomach feelings (often a ascent feeling from the tum to the throat)
Numbness or tingling in office of the body

Center

The middle of a seizure is often called the ictal phase. It'due south the period of time from the commencement symptoms (including an aura) to the end of the seizure activity, This correlates with the electrical seizure activity in the brain. Sometimes the visible symptoms final longer than the seizure activity on an EEG. This is because some of the visible symptoms may be aftereffects of a seizure or not related to seizure activeness at all.

Common symptoms during a seizure

Sensation, Sensory, Emotional or Idea Changes

Loss of awareness (frequently called "black out")
Confused, feeling spacey
Periods of forgetfulness or retentiveness lapses
Distracted, daydreaming
Loss of consciousness, unconscious, or "pass out"
Unable to hear
Sounds may be strange or different
Unusual smells (often bad smells like burning rubber)
Unusual tastes
Loss of vision or unable to run across
Blurry vision
Flashing lights
Formed visual hallucinations (objects or things are seen that aren't really there)
Numbness, tingling, or electrical shock like feeling in body, arm or leg
Out of trunk sensations
Feeling detached
Déjà vu (feeling of being there before but never have)
Jamais vu (feeling that something is very familiar but it isn't)
Trunk parts feels or looks unlike
Feeling of panic, fear, impending doom (intense feeling that something bad is going to happen)
Pleasant feelings

Physical Changes

Difficulty talking (may stop talking, make nonsense or garbled sounds, proceed talking or spoken language may not brand sense)
Unable to swallow, drooling
Repeated blinking of eyes, eyes may move to 1 side or wait upward, or staring
Lack of move or muscle tone (unable to move, loss of tone in neck and head may driblet frontward, loss of muscle tone in body and person may slump or autumn forward)
Tremors, twitching or jerking movements (may occur on one or both sides of face, arms, legs or whole body; may start in one surface area then spread to other areas or stay in one place)
Rigid or tense muscles (part of the trunk or whole body may experience very tight or tense and if continuing, may fall "like a tree trunk")
Repeated not-purposeful movements, called automatisms, involve the face, arms or legs, such as
- lipsmacking or chewing movements
- repeated movements of hands, similar wringing, playing with buttons or objects in easily, waving
- dressing or undressing
- walking or running
Repeated purposeful movements (person may keep activity that was going on before the seizure)
Earthquake (person loses consciousness, body becomes rigid or tense, then fast jerking movements occur)
Losing control of urine or stool unexpectedly
Sweating
Change in pare colour (looks pale or flushed)
Pupils may dilate or appear larger than normal
Biting of tongue (from teeth clenching when muscles tighten)
Difficulty breathing
Centre racing

Ending

Every bit the seizure ends, the postictal phase occurs - this is the recovery period after the seizure. Some people recover immediately while others may have minutes to hours to feel like their usual self. The blazon of seizure, likewise as what part of the encephalon the seizure impacts, affects the recovery menstruation – how long it may concluding and what may occur during information technology.

Common symptoms later on a seizure

Awareness, Sensory, Emotional, or Idea Changes

Tiresome to reply or non able to answer right abroad
Sleepy
Confused
Memory loss
Difficulty talking or writing
Feeling fuzzy, lightlheaded, or dizzy
Feeling depressed, sad, upset
Scared
Anxious
Frustrated, embarrassed, ashamed

Concrete Changes

May take injuries, such as bruising, cuts, broken bones, or head injury if roughshod during seizure
May feel tired, wearied, or sleep for minutes or hours
Headache or other pain
Nausea or upset stomach
Thirsty
General weakness or weak in ane part or side of the torso
Urge to go to the bath or lose control of bowel or bladder

Types of Seizures

At that place are three major groups of seizures:

Generalized onset seizures: These seizures affect both sides of the brain or groups of cells on both sides of the encephalon at the same time. This term was used earlier and withal includes seizures types like tonic-clonic, absenteeism, or atonic to proper noun a few.
Focal onset seizures: The term focal is used instead of fractional to be more accurate when talking nearly where seizures brainstorm. Focal seizures can start in one expanse or group of cells in one side of the brain.
- Focal Onset Aware Seizures: When a person is awake and enlightened during a seizure, it'south called a focal enlightened seizure. This used to be called a simple fractional seizure.
- Focal Onset Impaired Awareness: When a person is confused or their awareness is affected in some way during a focal seizure, it's chosen a focal dumb awareness seizure. This used to exist called a complex partial seizure.
Unknown onset seizures: When the beginning of a seizure is non known, it'south at present called an unknown onset seizure. A seizure could likewise be chosen an unknown onset if it'southward non witnessed or seen by anyone, for instance when seizures happen at dark or in a person who lives lonely.
As more than data is learned, an unknown onset seizure may later exist diagnosed as a focal or generalized seizure.

How are different symptoms during a seizure described?

Many different symptoms happen during a seizure. This new classification separates them simply into groups that involve movement.

For generalized onset seizures:

Motor symptoms may include sustained rhythmical jerking movements (clonic), muscles becoming weak or limp (atonic), muscles condign tense or rigid (tonic), brief muscle twitching (myoclonus), or epileptic spasms (body flexes and extends repeatedly).
Non-motor symptoms are usually called absence seizures. These can be typical or atypical absence seizures (staring spells). Absence seizures can besides have brief twitches (myoclonus) that can affect a specific part of the body or only the eyelids.

For focal onset seizures

Motor symptoms may also include jerking (clonic), muscles becoming limp or weak (atonic), tense or rigid muscles (tonic), brief muscle twitching (myoclonus), or epileptic spasms. In that location may too be automatisms or repeated automated movements, like clapping or rubbing of hands, lipsmacking or chewing, or running.
Non-motor symptoms: Examples of symptoms that don't affect movement could exist changes in awareness, emotions, thinking or knowledge, autonomic functions (such every bit gastrointestinal sensations, waves of heat or cold, goosebumps, middle racing, etc.), or lack of motion (called behavior arrest).

For unknown onset seizures

Motor seizures are described as either tonic-clonic or epileptic spasms.
Non-motor seizures usually include a behavior arrest. This means that movement stops – the person may just stare and not make any other movements.

What should I practise if I accept a seizure? What should I do if I see someone else have a seizure?

What happens during a seizure may vary from i person to the next. The type of first aid needed can be tailored to what happens during the seizure and the person'south rubber. It helps to recollect near whether the person's alertness or sensation is afflicted, and if any concrete movements occur that can place them at hazard of injury.

Always Stay With the Person Until the Seizure Is Over
- Seizures can be unpredictable and it's difficult to tell how long they may last or what will occur during them. Some may start with minor symptoms, merely atomic number 82 to a loss of consciousness or fall. Other seizures may be brief and end in seconds.
- Injury can occur during or after a seizure, requiring help from other people.
Pay Attention to the Length of the Seizure
- Expect at your scout and time the seizure – from first to the end of the agile seizure.
- Fourth dimension how long it takes for the person to recover and return to their usual action.
- If the agile seizure lasts longer than the person's typical events, call for help.
- Know when to requite'as needed' or rescue treatments, if prescribed, and when to call for emergency help.
Stay Calm; Most Seizures Only Last a Few Minutes
- A person's response to seizures tin affect how other people act. If the first person remains calm, it will help others stay calm too.
- Talk calmly and reassuringly to the person during and after the seizure – information technology will help as they recover from the seizure.
Forestall Injury past Moving Nearby Objects Out of the Way
- Remove abrupt objects.
- If you tin't move surrounding objects or a person is wandering or confused, assistance steer them articulate of dangerous situations, for example away from traffic, railroad train or subway platforms, heights, or sharp objects.
Make the Person as Comfy as Possible
- Help them sit down in a condom place.
- If they are at risk of falling, telephone call for aid and lay them downwards on the flooring.
- Back up the person's head to prevent it from hitting the flooring.
Go on Onlookers Abroad
- In one case the situation is nether control, encourage people to step back and requite the person some room. Waking up to a oversupply can exist embarrassing and confusing for a person after a seizure.
- Inquire someone to stay nearby in example further aid is needed.
Exercise Not Forcibly Agree the Person Down
- Trying to stop movements or forcibly holding a person down doesn't stop a seizure. Restraining a person can pb to injuries and make the person more than dislocated, agitated or aggressive. People don't fight on purpose during a seizure. Yet if they are restrained when they are confused, they may respond aggressively.
- If a person tries to walk effectually, let them walk in a condom, enclosed area if possible.
Do Not Put Anything in the Person's Oral fissure!
- Jaw and face muscles may tighten during a seizure, causing the person to bite down. If this happens when something is in the mouth, the person may break and swallow the object or break their teeth!
- Don't worry - a person tin't eat their tongue during a seizure.
Make Sure Their Breathing is Okay
- If the person is lying down, plow them on their side, with their mouth pointing to the basis. This prevents saliva from blocking their airway and helps the person breathe more easily.
- During a convulsive or tonic-clonic seizure, it may await similar the person has stopped breathing. This happens when the chest muscles tighten during the tonic stage of a seizure. Every bit this part of a seizure ends, the muscles volition relax and breathing will resume usually.
- Rescue breathing or CPR is generally non needed during these seizure-induced changes in a person's animate.
Practice Not Give Water, Pills, or Food by Mouth Unless the Person is Fully Alarm
- If a person is not fully awake or aware of what is going on, they might not consume correctly. Food, liquid or pills could go into the lungs instead of the stomach if they attempt to potable or eat at this time.
- If a person appears to be choking, turn them on their side and call for help. If they are not able to cough and clear their air passages on their own or are having breathing difficulties, call 911 immediately.
Call for Emergency Medical Help When
- A seizure lasts v minutes or longer.
- One seizure occurs right later another without the person regaining consciousness or coming to between seizures.
- Seizures occur closer together than usual for that person.
- Breathing becomes difficult or the person appears to be choking.
- The seizure occurs in water.
- Injury may have occurred.
- The person asks for medical assistance.
Exist Sensitive and Supportive, and Inquire Others to Practice the Same
- Seizures can be frightening for the person having ane, as well as for others. People may feel embarrassed or confused nigh what happened. Keep this in listen every bit the person wakes upwardly.
- Reassure the person that they are safe.
- In one case they are alert and able to communicate, tell them what happened in very unproblematic terms.
- Offer to stay with the person until they are ready to go back to normal activity or call someone to stay with them.

Seizures Without Any Alter in Awareness

Some people may remain fully awake and alert during a seizure and remember everything that occurs. For example, awareness is not afflicted during unproblematic partial or myoclonic seizures. During these types of seizures, pay particular attention to the post-obit:

Commonly you don't need to practice annihilation.
Stay calm and reassure the person they are safety.
If the person is frightened or anxious, encourage them to take slow deep breaths or exercise something that is calming or relaxing.
Stay with the person until the seizure is over. Make sure that they are fully aware of what is going on earlier they are left alone.

Seizures with Altered Awareness

Sometimes people may look awake during a seizure, just they really are not aware of part or all of what is going on effectually them. They may not recollect what happens during the seizure or have difficulty talking about information technology during or after it. The person may walk around during the seizure, but not be in command of where they are going, and they may non be able to protect themselves. These seizure behaviors may be seen with circuitous partial seizures or clusters of absence seizures. During these episodes, in add-on to basic beginning aid, pay detail attention to the following:

If the person has a warning earlier they lose awareness, help them to a safe place.
Stay with the person and don't allow them wander away. Allow them walk in an enclosed area if possible.
Keep the person away from sharp objects or dangerous places.
If the person tries to run or is in a dangerous state of affairs, call for assist and agree them dorsum if needed to go on them out of danger.
Do not presume that they can talk or that they tin can hear yous and follow instructions. Assure them they are rubber and repeat instructions on what they should do next.
Make sure that they are alert, oriented and safe after the effect earlier they are left alone.
Fourth dimension the seizure – these types of seizures are ordinarily longer than convulsions or tonic clonic seizures. It may be hard to tell when the seizure concluded and when the recovery period begins and ends.
If the seizure turns into a convulsive seizure, follow get-go assistance steps for tonic-clonic seizures.

Seizures with Loss of Consciousness

Some types of seizures can affect a person's awareness completely – they may exist considered 'unconscious'. They are not able to talk, are not aware of what is going on around them, and may not realize what occurred afterwards. If they have a warning at the showtime of the seizure, they may exist able to get to a safe place – otherwise they are at adventure for injury during and after the seizure. Follow the steps for care and comfort showtime aid with attending to the following:

Sentry how long the seizure lasts – phone call for emergency medical help if a generalized seizure lasts 5 minutes or longer.
Protect the person from injury but don't restrain their movements.
Watch their animate – turn them on the side to help proceed the airway open. If animate issues occur, call 911.
Don't put annihilation in their oral cavity.
Know when to call for emergency aid.
Stay with the person after the seizure until they are enlightened and prophylactic.

Posted on BrainLine August 10, 2018.

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Source: https://www.brainline.org/article/seizures-and-epilepsy-frequently-asked-questions